In ABS, which component processes sensor input and controls braking events?

• A. Electronic controller
• B. Brake caliper
• C. Hydraulic pump
• D. Wheel speed sensor

Answer: (A)

The important idea is that an electronic control module processes the sensor data and makes the braking decisions. Wheel speed sensors feed real-time data about how fast each wheel is spinning. The ABS controller (often called the ABS control module or ECU) reads these signals from all wheels, detects a tendency for a wheel to lock by comparing speeds and slip, and then decides when to reduce, hold, or reapply brake pressure. It sends commands to the hydraulic modulator valves and pump to adjust pressure at each wheel, preventing lockup and maintaining steering control.

The brake caliper and hydraulic pump perform the physical braking actions, and the wheel speed sensor provides the measurements, but the processing and control logic live in the electronic controller.